portage-utils和eix的一些常用命令选项
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------ qfile <filename> Options: -[ef:m:oRx:vqChV] -e, --Exact *精确匹配,类似eix -e gcc只查到包名为gcc的包效果一样 -f, --from <arg> *Read arguments form file <arg> ("-" for stdio) *将读入文件作为qfile的输入(有待考证) -m, --max-args <arg> * Treat from file arguments by groups of args(默认为5000) -o, --orphans *显示孤立文件 这个是显示孤儿文件,就是不包含在任何安装包里边的文件。(不是通过ebuild安装的,可能是你手工安装的程序,也可能是反删除时候留下的文件),这个一般用来清除系统垃圾文件。 -R, --root-prefix, Assume arguments are already prefixed by $ROOT *假设已将参数前缀设置为$ROOT了(不知如何表达) -x, --exclude <arg> * Don't look in package <arg>排除xxxx <注>当equery b filename时未找到匹配时可以试试qfile,可能会给你带来惊喜 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ qlop <opts> <pkgname> -g, --gauge * Gauge number of times a package has been merged 比较准确估算出一个包已merged的时间 -t, --time *计算一个指定包merge的时间 -H, --human *输出的是秒形式,所以用此参数转化为人性化的显示方式(需要-t参数的支持) -l, --list *显示merge历史 -u, --unlist *显示unmerge 历史 -c, --current *显示当前正在emerging的包,相当于genlop -c -f, --logfile <arg> *Read emerge logfile instead of /var/log/emerge.log *用logfile的文件来代替/var/log/emerge.log #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ quse <opts> <useflag> -e, --exact *精确比较,不使用正则表达式 -a, --all *Show annoying things in IUSE (不管3721全显) -K, --keywords *Use the KEYWORDS vs IUSE -L, --license *Use the LICENSE vs IUSE -D, --describe *显示USE的描述信息,类似 euse -i xxx -F, --format <arg> * Use your own variable formats. -F NAME= -N, --name-only * Only show package name #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ qcheck <opts> <pkgname> -e, --exact *Exact match (only CAT/PN or PN without PV) -a, --all *显示所有包 -u, --update *更新包的缺失的文件,校验码和修改时间(不要乱用) -A, --noafk *忽略缺失的文件 -H, --nohash *Ignore differing/unknown file chksums -T, --nomtime *Ignore differing file mtimes -v, --verbose #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ qsize <opts> <pkgname> -f, --filesystem *显示已使用的磁盘空间(包占用大小) -a, --all *显示所有安装包的大小 -s, --sum *Include a summary 还会显示一个总和 -S, --sum-only *仅显示总和 -m, --megabytes *用M方式显示 xMbytes -k, --kilobytes *用K方式显示 Kbytes -b, --bytes -v, --version #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ qdepends <opts> <pkgname> -d, --depend *显示依赖信息 -r, --rdepend *显示反向依赖信息 -p, --pdepend *显示PDEPEND信息 (未理解到) -k, --key <arg> *User defined vdb key -Q, --query <arg> *查询反向依赖 -N, --name-only *仅显示包名 -a, --all *显示所有依赖信息 -v, --verbose #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Usage: qtbz2 <opts> <misc args> : manipulate tbz2 packages Options: -[jstxOvqChV] -j, --join * Join tar.bz2 + xpak into a tbz2 -s, --split * Split a tbz2 into a tar.bz2 + xpak -t, --tarbz2 * Just split the tar.bz2 -x, --xpak * Just split the xpak -O, --stdout * Write files to stdout -v, --verbose * Make a lot of noise -q, --quiet * Tighter output; suppress warnings -C, --nocolor * Don't output color -h, --help * Print this help and exit -V, --version * Print version and exit Usage: qxpak <opts> <misc args> : manipulate xpak archives Options: -[lxcd:OvqChV] -l, --list * List the contents of an archive -x, --extract * Extract the contents of an archive -c, --create * Create an archive of a directory/files -d, --dir <arg> * Change to specified directory -O, --stdout * Write files to stdout -v, --verbose * Make a lot of noise -q, --quiet * Tighter output; suppress warnings -C, --nocolor * Don't output color -h, --help * Print this help and exit -V, --version * Print version and exit #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Usage: qatom <opts> <pkg> : split atom strings 拆分原子字符串 Options: -[cvqChV] -c, --compare * Compare two atoms * 比较两个原子 -v, --verbose * Make a lot of noise -q, --quiet * Tighter output; suppress warnings -C, --nocolor * Don't output color -h, --help * Print this help and exit -V, --version * Print version and exit #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Usage: qgrep <opts> <misc args> : grep in ebuilds Options: -[IiHNclLexJEsS:B:A:vqChV] -I, --invert-match * Select non-matching lines * 选择不匹配的行 -i, --ignore-case * Ignore case distinctions * 忽略大小分 -H, --with-filename * Print the filename for each match * 打印每个匹配的文件名 -N, --with-name * Print the package or eclass name for each match * 打印每个匹配的包名或eclass名 -c, --count * Only print a count of matching lines per FILE * 只显示每个文件匹配行总个数 -l, --list * Only print FILE names containing matches * 只打印文件名里面包含的匹配 -L, --invert-list * Only print FILE names containing no match * 只打印文件名里面不匹配的内容 -e, --regexp * Use PATTERN as a regular expression * 使用正则表达式 -x, --extended * Use PATTERN as an extended regular expression * 使用正则表达式的扩展语法 -J, --installed * Search in installed ebuilds instead of the tree * 搜索已安装的ebuilds -E, --eclass * Search in eclasses instead of ebuilds * 搜索 -s, --skip-comments * Skip comments lines * 跳过注释行 只要重要的信息 -S, --skip <arg> * Skip lines matching <arg> * 跳过匹配<arg>的行 -B, --before <arg> * Print <arg> lines of leading context * 打印 -A, --after <arg> * Print <arg> lines of trailing context -v, --verbose * Make a lot of noise -q, --quiet * Tighter output; suppress warnings -C, --nocolor * Don't output color -h, --help * Print this help and exit -V, --version * Print version and exit #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Usage: qmerge <opts> <pkgnames> : fetch and merge binary package Options: -[fFsKUpuyO5vqChV] -f, --fetch * Fetch package and newest Packages metadata * 获取包和最新的包metadata,等同emerge -f -F, --force * Fetch package (skipping Packages) * 获取包 (跳过包) -s, --search * Search available packages * 搜过有效包 -K, --install * Install package * 安装包 -U, --unmerge * Uninstall package * 卸载包 -p, --pretend * Pretend only * 假打 -u, --update * Update only * 仅更新 -y, --yes * Don't prompt before overwriting * 直接代替你输入yes -O, --nodeps * Don't merge dependencies * 不emerge依赖包 -5, --nomd5 * Don't verify MD5 digest of files * 不校验文件的MD5信息 -v, --verbose * Make a lot of noise -q, --quiet * Tighter output; suppress warnings -C, --nocolor * Don't output color -h, --help * Print this help and exit -V, --version * Print version and exit #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Usage: qsearch <opts> <regex> : search pkgname/desc Options: -[acsSNHvqChV] -a, --all * List the descriptions of every package in the cache * 显示cache中每个包的描述信息 -c, --cache * Use the portage cache * 使用portage cache -s, --search * Regex search package basenames * 用正则表达式搜索包的基本名字 -S, --desc <arg> * Regex search package descriptions * 用正则表达式搜索包的基本描述信息 -N, --name-only * Only show package name * 只显示包名 -H, --homepage * Show homepage info * 显示主页信息 -v, --verbose * Make a lot of noise * 详细 -q, --quiet * Tighter output; suppress warnings -C, --nocolor * Don't output color -h, --help * Print this help and exit -V, --version * Print version and exit #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Usage: qcache <opts> <action> <args> : search the metadata cache Options: -[p:c:idtansvqChV] -p, --matchpkg <arg> * match pkgname * 匹配包名 -c, --matchcat <arg> * match catname * 匹配 -i, --imlate * list packages that can be marked stable on a given arch * 显示可以 -d, --dropped * list packages that have dropped keywords on a version bump on a given arch * -t, --testing * list packages that have ~arch versions, but no stable versions on a given arch * -s, --stats * display statistics about the portage tree -a, --all * list packages that have at least one version keyworded for on a given arch * -n, --not * list packages that aren't keyworded on a given arch. * -v, --verbose * Make a lot of noise -q, --quiet * Tighter output; suppress warnings -C, --nocolor * Don't output color -h, --help * Print this help and exit -V, --version * Print version and exit #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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//--------------------------------------------------------------- //--------------------------------------------------------------- eix_tag update-eix-remote update 可以查到未下载的overlay里的东西 equery uses XXX 查询XXX包带的USE标志 equery hasuse X 查询使用X这个USE标志的包 eix -2 -I --only-names 查slot eix -1 -I --only-names eix -U(--use) ithread 查询USE为ithread的包 eix -v(--verbose) 详细查询 eix -l( --versionlines ) 每个版本都以行列出 eix -c(--compact) 只列出一些信息 eix -d , --dup-packages 只匹配duplicated的包 如果sys-foo/bar同时存在不同 的overlay里面(包括官方portage) eix -D, --dup-versions 同时在存不同的版本,类似-d eix -P,--provide i.e "virtual/blackbox" eix --only-names 只列出名字 eix -I(--installed) 列出已完装的 eix -i(--multi-installed) eix -u(--upgrade, --upgrade+, --upgrade-) 升级 eix --stable 至少有一个是稳定版的包 eix --system 列出是system的包 eix -O, --overlay 到少匹配一个包版本在Overaly里的包 eix --in-overlay overlay_name 列出在overlay_name里的包(注:不能加overlay_name不知为何) eix --only-in-overlay overlay_name eix -J(--installed-overlay) 安装了overaly的包 eix --installed-from-overlay overlay eix -s, --name 默认以名字查询 eix -S, --description 以描述查询 eix -C, --category i.e. "app-portage" eix -A, --category-name i.e. "app-portage/eix" eix -H, --homepage i.e "http://xxx" eix -L, --license i.e "GPL-2" eix --installed-with-use 安装包带use参数的 eix --installed-without-use eix -e, --exact 直接查完整包名 如 eix -e gcc 查出只是gcc的包 eix -f, --fuzzy 模糊查找 eix -p, --pattern eix -r, --regex 正规表达式 eix -I -J 列出已安装的overlay的包 eix --fetch 列出最后一个版本是需要自己手动下载的包 eix --mirror 列出最后一个版本是 !m 的包 //------------------------- x11-themes/thinkeramik Available versions: 3.2.1!m {debug elibc_FreeBSD xine rama} Homepage: http://www.kde-look.org/content/s how.php?content=10919 De -------------------------------------- eix --stable 列出最后一个版本为stable的包 eix --upgrade, --upgrade+, --upgrade- 最后一个版本为可升级的或是降级+ - 表示LOCAL_PORTAGE_CONFIG的真和假 eix --testing, --testing+,--testing- eix --non-masked, --non-masked+, --non-masked- eix --system, --system+, --system- eix -O, --overlay 只列出包最后一个版本在overlay,无论是否安装,注意跟-J的区别 eix -T, --test-obsolete 测试陈旧的包 eix -l, --pipe eix -!, --not 非常有用的FORMAT Application: FORMAT='{downgrade}%{FORMAT_COMPACT}{}' eix -I This will print all installed packages for which there are downgrade recommendations. Note that the compact format is used to output the packages: We cannot use FORMAT='{downgrade}%{FORMAT}{}' because this would be a self-reference. However, if you want to use the default FORMAT layout to output the packages, we can use FORMAT_COMPACT to wrap around FORMAT: FORMAT_COMPACT='{downgrade}%{FORMAT}{}' eix -cI This is as above, but the matching packages will be printed with the default (non-compact) format. The option -c is needed so that eix will use our FORMAT_COMPACT variable as the format string (which we "misused" as a "wrapper" for FORMAT in this example). //---------------------------------------------------------------